Stamens, as regards their direction, may be erect, turned inwards, outwards, or to one the last-mentioned case they are called declinate, as in amaryllis, horse-chestnut and fraxinella. article The pollen-grains or microspores contained in the anther consist of small cells, which are developed in the large thick-walled mother-cells formed flower delivery dc the interior of the pollen-sacs microsporangia of the young mother-cells are either separated from one another and float in the granular fluid which fills up the cavity flower delivery dc the pollen-sac, or are not so isolated.

A division takes place, by which four cells are formed in each, the exact mode of division differing in dicotyledons and cells are the increase in size and acquire a cell-wall, which becomes differentiated into an outer cuticular layer, or extine, and an inner layer, or intine. Then the walls of the mother-cells are absorbed, and the pollengrains float freely in the fluid of the pollen-sacs, which gradually disappears, and the mature grains form a powdery mass within the then either remain united in fours, or multiples of four, as in some acacias, Flower delivery dc graeca and Inga anomala, or separate into individual grains, which by degrees become mature pollen.

Occasionally the membrane of the mother-cell is not completely absorbed, and traces of it are detected in a viscid matter surrounding the pollen-grains, as in orchidaceous plants the pollen-grains are united into masses, or flower delivery dc fig. 78, by means of viscid orchids each of the pollen-masses has a prolongation or stalk flower delivery dc which flower delivery van to a prolongation at the base of the anther rostellum by means of a viscid gland retinaculum which is either naked or term clinandrium is sometimes applied to the part of the column in orchids where the stamens are some orchids, as Cypripedium, the pollen has its ordinary character flower delivery dc separate number of pollinia varies; thus, in Orchis there flower delivery dc usually two, in Cattleya four, flower delivery service india in Laelia two pollinia in Orchis Flower delivery dc contain each about 200 secondary smaller small masses, when bruised, divide into grains flower delivery dc are united in Asclepiadaceae the pollinia are usually united in pairs fig.

79, belonging to two contiguous anther-lobes - each pollen-mass having a FIG. article - Pollinia, or pollen-masses, with their retinacula g or viscid matter attaching them at the pollen masses p are supported on stalks or caudicles c. These masses are easily detached by the agency of enlarged. caudicular appendage, ending in a common gland, by means of which they are attached to a process of the pollinia are also provided with an appendicular staminal covering fig.

The extine is a firm membrane, which defines the figure of the pollen-grain, and gives colour to it. It is either smooth, or covered with numerous projections fig. 81, granules, points or crested colour is generally yellow, and the surface is often covered with a viscid or oily intine is uniform in different kinds of pollen, thin and transparent, and possesses great power of some aquatics, as Zostera, Zannichellia, Naias, c.

Pollen-grains vary from a o 0 - to o-y of an inch or less in forms are most common form of grain is ellipsoidal, more or less narrow at the extremities, which are called its poles, flower delivery dc contradistinction to a line equidistant from the extremities, which is its equator. Pollen-grains are also spherical; cylindrical flower delivery dc curved, as in Tradescantia virginica; C From Vines Students Text-Book of Botany, by permission of Swan Sonnenschein Co.

article - Germinating pollengrain of Epilobium highly mag. bearing a pollen-tube s; e, exine; intine; abc, the three spots where the exine is thicker in anticipation of the formation of the pollen-tube developed in this case at a. polyhedral in Dipsacaceae and Compositae; nearly triangular in section in Proteaceae and Onagraceae fig.

The surface of the pollen-grain is either uniform and homogeneous, or it is marked by folds formed by thinnings of the are also rounded portions of the membrane or pores visible in the pollengrain; these vary in number from one to fifty, and through one FIG. - Corolla of foxglove Digitalis purpurea, cut in order to show the didynamous stamens two long and two short which are attached to it.

- Flower delivery cincinnati flower of Pellitory Parietaria officinalis, having four stamens with incurved elastic filaments, and an abortive pistil in the the perianth p expands, the filaments are thrown out with force as at a, so as to scatter the pollen.

When the pollen-grains are ripe, the anther dehisces and the pollen is order that fertilization may be effected the pollen must be conveyed to the stigma of the pistil. article Polling- Thisrocess termed pollination see Pollination. p p is promoted in various ways, the whole form and structure of the flower having relation to the some plants, as Kalmia and Pellitory fig.

83, the mere elasticity of the filaments is sufficient to effect this; in other plants pollination is flower delivery dc by the wind, as in most of our flower delivery dc trees, grasses, c.and in such cases enormous quantities of pollen are plants are anemophilous.

But the common agents for pollination are allure and attract them to visit the flower the odoriferous secretions and gay colours are developed, and the position and complicated structure of the parts of the flower are adapted flower delivery dc the perfect performance of the process, It is comparatively rare in hermaphrodite flowers for self-fertilization to occur, and the various forms of dichogamy, dimorphism and trimorphism are fitted to prevent this.

Under the term disk is included every structure intervening between the stamens and the was to such the name of nectary was applied by old authors. article It presents great varieties of form, such as a ring, scales, glands, hairs, petaloid appendages, c.and in the progress of growth it often contains flower delivery dc matter, thus becoming truly disk is frequently formed by degeneration or transformation of the staminal may consist of processes rising from the torus, alternating with the stamens, and thus representing an abortive whorl; or its parts may be opposite to the some flowers, flower delivery dc Jatropha Curcas, in which the stamens are not developed, their place is occupied by glandular bodies forming the Gesneraceae and Cruciferae the disk consists of toothlike scales at the base of the parts composing the disk sometimes unite and form a glandular ring, as in the orange; or they form a dark-red lamina covering the pistil, as in Paeonia Moutan fig.

- Flower of Tree waxy lining of the hollow receptacle, Paeony Paeonia Moutan, as in the rose; or a flower delivery dc at the deprived of its corolla, and top of the ovary, as in Umbelliferae, showing the disk in the form in which the disk is said to be of a fleshy expansion d ep i enlarged torus covering the ovary.

article Flowers valentine day delivery a pistil consists of a single carpel it is simple or monocarpellary fig. When it is composed of several carpels, more or less united, it is compound or polycarpellary fig. Flower delivery dc Vertical section of the flower of Black Hellebore Helleborus niger.

- Fruit of the Strawberry Fragaria vesca, consisting of an enlarged succulent receptacle, bearing on its surface the small dry seed-like fruits achenes. in a verticil, or at different heights in a spiral they remain separate and distinct, thus showing at once the composition of the pistil, as in Caltha, Ranunculus, hellebore fig.

86, and Spiraea, the term apocarpous is applied. 2 2 the pistil flower delivery dc of five verticillate carpels o, alternating with the stamens e. 89 flower delivery dc separate carpels are numerous and are arranged in a spiral cycle upon an elongated axis or the raspberry the carpels are on a conical receptacle; in the strawberry, on a swollen succulent flower delivery dc fig.

88, on a hollow the carpels are united, as in the pear, arbutus and chickweed, the pistil becomes number of flower delivery dc in a pistil is indicated by the Greek numeral. A flower delivery dc with a simple pistil is monogynous; with two carpels, digynous; with three carpels, trigynous, c. article The ovules are attached to the placenta, which consists of a mass of cellular tissue, through which the nourishing vessels pass to the placenta is usually formed on the edges of the carpellary leaf fig.

In many cases, however, the placentas are formations from the axis axile, and are not connected with the carpellary marginal placentation the part of the carpel bearing the placenta is the inner or ventral suture, corresponding to the margin of the folded carpellary leaf, while the outer or dorsal suture corresponds to the midrib of the carpellary the placenta is formed on each margin of the carpel it is essentially is seen in cases where the margins of the carpel do not unite, but remain separate, and consequently two placentas are formed in place flower delivery dc the pistil is formed by one carpel the inner margins unite and form usually flower delivery dc common marginal placenta, which may extend FIG.

1 ovules, developing to form Y g 9, the fruit. apocarpous, there are generally separ ate placentas at each of their flower delivery dc syncarpous pistil, on the other hand, the carpels are so united that the edges of each of the contiguous ones, by their union, form a septum or dissepiment, and the number of these septa consequently indicates the number of carpels in the compound pistil fig.

article - Diagrammatic section of a quinquelocular ovary, composed of five carpels, the edges of which are folded inwards, and meet in the centre forming the septa, s. The ovules o are attached to a central placenta, formed by the union of the five ventral suture, 1. - Diagrammatic section of a five-carpellary flowers local delivery lake worth florida, in which the edges of the carpels, bearing flower delivery dc placentas and ovules o, are not folded placentas are parietal, and the ovules appear sessile on the walls of the ovary is unilocular.

dissepiments extend to the centre or axis, the ovary is divided into cavities or cells, and it may be bilocular, trilocular fig. 92, flower delivery dc, quinquelocular, or multilocular, according as it is formed by two, three, four, five or many flower delivery dc, each carpel corresponding to a single these cases the marginal placentas meet in the axis, and unite so as to flower delivery dc a single central one figs. 92, 93, and the ovules appear in the central angle of the the carpels in a syncarpous pistil do not fold inwards so that the placentas appear as projections on the walls of the ovary, then flower delivery dc ovary is unilocular fig.

95 and the flower delivery dc are parietal, as in Viola fig. In these instances the placentas may be formed at the margin of the united contiguous leaves, so as to appear single, or the margins may not be united, each developing a the margins of the carpels, which fold in to flower delivery dc centre, split there into two lamellae, each of which is curved outwards and projects into the FIG.

article - Transverse section of the fruit of the Melon Cucumis Melo, showing the placentas with the seeds attached to three carpels forming the pepo are separated by the centre, processes go to circumference, ending in curved placentas bearing the ovules.